In cell chemical chemical energy directly into electricity by the battery is carried out within the spontaneous oxidation, reduction and other chemical reactions the result of the reaction was conducted in two electrodes. Negative active material of the more negative potential and an agent of the stable reduction in the composition of electrolytes, such as zinc, cadmium, lead active metals and hydrogen or hydrocarbons. Positive active material for a more positive potential on the composition of the electrolyte of a stable oxidizing agent as manganese dioxide, lead dioxide, nickel oxide and other metal oxides, oxygen or the air, halogens and their salts, oxygen-containing acid and its salts etc.. Electrolyte is a good ionic conductivity materials such as acids, alkalis, saline, organic or inorganic non-aqueous solutions, molten salts or solid electrolytes. When the external circuit disconnected, although there is potential difference between the two poles (open circuit voltage) but there is no current stored in batteries are not converted to chemical energy into electrical energy. When the external circuit is closed, the two electrodes under the effect of potential difference there is current flowing through the external circuit. The same time, the battery inside the electrolyte are not due to free electrons, charge transfer must be accompanied by two poles of active material and electrolyte interface, the reactions of oxidation or reduction, and reagents and reaction products of mass transfer. Charge transfer in the electrolyte, but also by the migration of ions to complete. Therefore, the battery in the normal transfer process and mass transfer is to ensure that the conditions necessary for normal production of electricity. When charging, the battery inside the transmitter power and direction of mass transfer and discharge exactly the opposite reaction of the electrode must be reversible to ensure the opposite direction to the mass transfer and mass of normal electrical processes. Therefore, the electrode reaction is reversible, a necessary condition for the batteries. Reaction of the Gibbs free energy (coke) F is the Faraday constant = 96,500 basis = 26.8 ampere-hour n the equivalent number of the cellular response. It is the reaction of the battery and the emf of the battery between the basic thermodynamic relations, but also calculate the energy conversion efficiency of cells of the basic thermodynamic equation. Indeed, when current flows through the electrodes, the electrode potential must deviate from the equilibrium thermodynamic potential of the electrode, a phenomenon known as polarization. Current density (electrode surface unit adopted by the current), more polarization worse. Polarization is caused by the energy loss of the battery of important reasons. Polarization for three reasons: ① from the cells caused by different parts of the polarization resistance is called Ohm polarization; ② electrode - interface layer caused by electrolyte charge transfer blocked the process of polarization is Name polarization activation; ③ electrode - electrolyte interface layer caused by the slow mass transfer of polarization is called concentration polarization. Reduce the method of polarization is to increase the reaction zone to the electrode, which reduces the current density, increasing reaction temperature and improve the catalytic activity of the electrode surface.
October 7, 2009
Chemical batteries
Chemical batteries, is across the electrochemical reaction, the positive, the negative electrode material of the active chemical energy into electrical energy a device class. After long-term research, development, ushered in a wide variety of chemical batteries, widely used in the situation. Great as a building can accommodate a lot of great invention, small enough to count the species in millimeters. All the time is not a better life for our service. The development of modern electronic technology, chemical batteries made very high demands. Each chemical battery technology breakthroughs have enabled a revolutionary electronic device. Modern society, people, daily life, more and more inseparable from the chemistry of the battery. Today, scientists are focusing their electrochemical interest as a chemical battery powered electric car niche.
Dry and liquid battery
The distinction between liquid and dry cells is limited to the period of early cell development. The first battery of glass container filled with electrolyte and two electrodes. Has been launched to paste electrolytes based batteries, also known as dry cells.
There are still “liquid” batteries. The size is usually a very large variety. Such as those used as a source of uninterruptible power supply in large stationary lead-acid batteries or solar cells in supporting the use of lead acid batteries. For mobile devices, some using a full-sealed, maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, these batteries have been used successfully for many years in which the sulfuric acid electrolyte is determined by the silica gel or fiber glass suction separator pay.
Disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries
Disposable batteries commonly called “disposable” batteries, because their power runs out, you can not recharge using only discarded. Common disposable batteries, including alkaline manganese batteries, zinc-manganese batteries, lithium batteries, zinc, zinc-air, zinc-mercury batteries, mercury batteries, battery, and hydroxide magnesium, manganese batteries.
Rechargeable battery according to materials and production processes on the different currents are lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-iron batteries, nickel-hydride batteries, metal, lithium-ion battery. The advantage is a long life cycle, which may be more than 200 full charge and discharge, and some rechargeable batteries power the load higher than most disposable batteries. Ordinary Ni-Cd, Ni-MH battery, the memory effect only, causing inconvenience to use, often cause early failure.
Theory of battery time
The theory of the charging time of battery: battery charger power divided by the output current.
For example, a 800mAh battery, for example, the charger output current 500MA load when the time is equivalent to 800MAH/500MA = 1.6 hours, while the charger shows charging is completed, preferably about half an hour or and should be given to supplement the battery power up time.
Fuel Cell
Fuel cells is the chemical energy of fuel through an electrochemical reaction into electrical energy directly to the camera is using batteries to hydrogen fuel at the anode is produced by oxidation of hydrogen oxidation ions of hydrogen and oxygen to the cathodic reduction reaction carried out with the Coming of the anode generates hydrogen ions with water. Oxidation process-reduction reaction can generate electricity. Fuel cell technology, including the existence, in the alkaline fuel cell (AFC), the fuel cell Phosphoric Acid (PAFC) cell proton exchange membrane fuel (PEMFC) fuel cell molten carbonate (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and Fuel Cell Direct Methanol (DMFC), etc., whose use of the oxidation of methanol as a positive response to the cell technology fuel, but he is optimistic about the industry and positive developments.
Dry and liquid battery
The distinction between liquid and dry cells is limited to the period of early cell development. The first battery of glass container filled with electrolyte and two electrodes. Has been launched to paste electrolytes based batteries, also known as dry cells.
There are still “liquid” batteries. The size is usually a very large variety. Such as those used as a source of uninterruptible power supply in large stationary lead-acid batteries or solar cells in supporting the use of lead acid batteries. For mobile devices, some using a full-sealed, maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, these batteries have been used successfully for many years in which the sulfuric acid electrolyte is determined by the silica gel or fiber glass suction separator pay.
Disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries
Disposable batteries commonly called “disposable” batteries, because their power runs out, you can not recharge using only discarded. Common disposable batteries, including alkaline manganese batteries, zinc-manganese batteries, lithium batteries, zinc, zinc-air, zinc-mercury batteries, mercury batteries, battery, and hydroxide magnesium, manganese batteries.
Rechargeable battery according to materials and production processes on the different currents are lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-iron batteries, nickel-hydride batteries, metal, lithium-ion battery. The advantage is a long life cycle, which may be more than 200 full charge and discharge, and some rechargeable batteries power the load higher than most disposable batteries. Ordinary Ni-Cd, Ni-MH battery, the memory effect only, causing inconvenience to use, often cause early failure.
Theory of battery time
The theory of the charging time of battery: battery charger power divided by the output current.
For example, a 800mAh battery, for example, the charger output current 500MA load when the time is equivalent to 800MAH/500MA = 1.6 hours, while the charger shows charging is completed, preferably about half an hour or and should be given to supplement the battery power up time.
Fuel Cell
Fuel cells is the chemical energy of fuel through an electrochemical reaction into electrical energy directly to the camera is using batteries to hydrogen fuel at the anode is produced by oxidation of hydrogen oxidation ions of hydrogen and oxygen to the cathodic reduction reaction carried out with the Coming of the anode generates hydrogen ions with water. Oxidation process-reduction reaction can generate electricity. Fuel cell technology, including the existence, in the alkaline fuel cell (AFC), the fuel cell Phosphoric Acid (PAFC) cell proton exchange membrane fuel (PEMFC) fuel cell molten carbonate (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and Fuel Cell Direct Methanol (DMFC), etc., whose use of the oxidation of methanol as a positive response to the cell technology fuel, but he is optimistic about the industry and positive developments.
September 25, 2009
SONY Sony PSP battery to distinguish true and false
True and false battery power, you can buy PSP2000 care should be taken. Company more competitive today, businesses means more and more. As a buyer, of course hope that a good price to buy a good heart. However, among imitation is the false premise. many cases is to give lessons before you decide to give you true and false.
A. From the back of the distinction between
The market, there are three types of batteries, one is the original force, one is imitating the original sawtooth electricity, it is an imitation of the original power. Imitate the latter two are home and just check a little electricity is a more humane world, marked with checkered distinction between people. The original form of imitation is to pretend. In fact, a checkered LPC is very easy to exclude the keys that we exclude imitation of the original and above.
Imitation of batteries and battery on the back of the distinction between the original, obviously the battery on the back hip and a lot of the original
Behind the police should be noted original battery relatively deep, superficial imitation of the high
Original and the imitation of high contrast behind the stickers, in fact, does not seem very different. But seriously consider the type of batteries can be found in Wuxi High-say imitation obviously very crude gestures.
A. From the back of the distinction between
The market, there are three types of batteries, one is the original force, one is imitating the original sawtooth electricity, it is an imitation of the original power. Imitate the latter two are home and just check a little electricity is a more humane world, marked with checkered distinction between people. The original form of imitation is to pretend. In fact, a checkered LPC is very easy to exclude the keys that we exclude imitation of the original and above.
Imitation of batteries and battery on the back of the distinction between the original, obviously the battery on the back hip and a lot of the original
Behind the police should be noted original battery relatively deep, superficial imitation of the high
Original and the imitation of high contrast behind the stickers, in fact, does not seem very different. But seriously consider the type of batteries can be found in Wuxi High-say imitation obviously very crude gestures.
C. distinguish the tails of
Face the original battery of tests has four RBI, bumping. More careful. Imitation of walking, nearly 2 points only, and some very obvious points. Founder is not marked
D. The final step to distinguish the touch-chip
Original design of the film touch the battery is secret, it is difficult to see copper, while imitating the battery is easy to see brass. This is the original battery and battery imitate a clear distinction
4 steps. To see touch the chip should be more useful. The desire to help everyone is busy.